Endocrine Abstracts

Biological agents have been successfully introduced in the therapeutics of autoimmune diseases, in particular rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis. However, their use has been found to increase the risk of serious infections and neoplasms. Infliximab, a neutralizing antibody to tumor necrosis factor-alpha, appears to be effective therapy in ankylosing spondylitis. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) plays an important role in host defense and tumor growth control. Therefore...

Introduction: Recent years PEIT has been introduced as an alternative to parathyroidectomy. We evaluated the results of PEIT in patients with primary (pHPT) or secondary hyperparathyroidism (sHPT).Patients and methods: 18 patients (6M/12F) with pHPT and 20 patients (7M/13F) with sHPT underwent PEIT between 2001 and 2005 and had a mean follow up of 24.3±9 and 27±10 months respectively. The PTGs were identified and blood supply to the gland was e...

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the degree of atherosclerosis in women of reproductive age with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with and without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).Patients and Methods: 71 women (mean age 43.2 y) with T2DM treated with diet or oral anti-diabetic medications and 36 controls were studied. According to menstrual cycle and clinical hyperandrogenism, patients with T2DM were classified into two subgroups, ...

Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is usually accompanied by abdominal obesity and insulin resistance which are related with low-grade chronic inflammation, as evidenced by elevation of multiple markers of inflammation, among which is oxidative stress. However, as far as oxidative stress presence, the existing data are limited. The purpose of this study was the investigation of several oxidative stress markers in women with PCOS without insulin resistance.<p cl...

Aim: Well-differentiated thyroid cancer (TC) comprises the most common endocrine malignancy, featuring very good prognosis and 5-year survival rate of nearly 100% after total thyroidectomy. However, the prevalence of incidental thyroid microcarcinoma (mITC) is continuously rising during the last decade. One obvious reason is the high prevalence of total thyroidectomy (TT) as the preferred operation for otherwise benign nodular or diffuse thyroid diseases. The current retrospec...

Aim: Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most common endocrine malignancy, presenting a rising incidence during the last decade, due to continuously rising prevalence of incidental thyroid microcarcinomas (mITCs; ≤1 cm) in benign thyroid diseases treated with total thyroidectomy (TT). Solitary thyroid nodule (STN) is a thyroid condition, which remains under debate regarding the extent of thyroidectomy needed (total or near-total thyroidectomy vs unilateral lobectomy). Objective o...

BackgroundFollowing the 4th edition of WHO classification of thyroid tumors several pathologic entities were reclassified, mainly as a means of de-escalating addressed therapy. We herein present two rare types of thyroid cancer, hyalinizing trabecular tumor (HTT) and Warthin-like papillary carcinoma (WL-PTC).Cases presentationA 64-year-old female patient presented with an ultrasonographic 1.92 × 1.11 cm ...

Objective: Determinants of why only a subset of patients with adrenal insufficiency (AI) experience recurrent adrenal crises (AC) and intercurrent illnesses are not well understood. This study aimed to identify whether residual adrenal function (RAF), defined by the peak response to a provocative test undertaken before commencing glucocorticoids, may help explain differences in prevalence.Design and Methods: Patients wit...

Objective: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome. Steroid hormones and bile acids are potent regulators of hepatic carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Steroid 5β-reductase (AKR1D1) is highly expressed in human liver where it inactivates steroid hormones and catalyzes a fundamental step in bile acid synthesis.Methods: Human liver biopsies were obtained from 34 obese patients and AKR1D1 mRNA expres...

Background and aims: 5α reductase 1 and 2 (SRD5A1 (expressed in liver and adipose), SRD5A2 (expressed in liver) inactivate cortisol to 5α-dihydrocortisol in addition to their role in the generation of dihydrotestosterone and therefore regulate the tissue availability of cortisol. Dutasteride (dual SRD5A1 and SRD5A2 inhibitor) and Finasteride (selective SRD5A2 inhibitor) are commonly prescribed, but their potential metabolic effects have only recently been identified....